Evidence highlights

Wednesday, March 10, 2010

There's Water on Mars

Reflection: #007




This headline ran around the world today.

It is the most logical and reasonable thing. The sad part is that there is no more flowing water on the surface of Mars.  The Mars lander Phoenix has now been on the surface for nearly 50 days. science.nasa.gov

NASA's scientists reported that analysis of a soil sample heated in an oven—using equipment installed on the Phoenix lander—revealed significant traces of hydrogen.

The material was heated until the water it contained evaporated. Sensors in the furnace analyzed the elements and confirmed, for the first time in human history, that there is water on another planet. jpl.nasa.gov

But not in liquid form. Because of the low temperatures, everything freezes almost immediately. Yet at a depth of ten centimeters, there is ice and snow—and I assume that at greater depths, there is liquid water as well.  It's cause for celebration. Nothing better than with a glass of water. Water from Mars.  What does that mean?  The chances of finding another planet with water were, according to scientific estimates, zero—or rather, the chances of finding another planet at all were zero, according to scientific opinion.

They have already found more than two hundred extrasolar planets, some of which contain hydrogen elements in their atmospheres, recognizable by color. Each element filters out different light spectra in distinct colors.

Some moons of planets in our solar system most likely have water on their surfaces, although frozen.  If two planets in a system have water, then the possibility of planets with water throughout the entire universe doubles.

On Mars, there is water at a depth of fewer than ten centimeters.

Mars has an atmosphere.

Mars has soil similar to Earth's. It is perhaps more abundant in basic elements than what we have here.

Mars used to have volcanic eruptions, and as you can see in some pictures, it still has gas or hot water leaks—like the geysers in Iceland. This means there is heat inside Mars.  So there is. The temperature in a planet's interior is the decisive factor essential for life to develop at all. Even if Earth's orbit is closer to the Sun than those of Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and others, our life depends on the temperature of our planet.

More important than the Sun is the heat inside a planet or a moon.  Life adapts easily to different situations.

In cold places, life does not develop—or life does not begin there—for chemical reasons. Some reactions simply do not work. But life itself, once it has started, can be preserved and can continue to thrive in cold zones without any problems.  Today, the temperature on Mars is minus 23 degrees Celsius. But milder temperatures are also measured, up to 4 degrees Celsius above freezing.

On Earth, icy temperatures are no obstacle to living or working.

With much joy in icy temperatures, different kinds of sports can be practiced.

In the entire economic sector, everything is adapted to lower temperatures.

Engines need additives to the fuel in winter, and water requires antifreeze.

Living quarters include heating systems.  People need warm clothes; animals need neither. They have everything they require.

Absorbing liquid from snow and ice is easy.  I don't think I'm the only one who has ever loosened a piece of ice from a bucket of frozen water or eaten some snow. It's tasteless, but it's pure water.

An animal has even less trouble drinking or eating snow or ice to quench its thirst.  Scientists have argued very authoritatively against the idea that there could be life on other planets.

First opposing argument: There is no other planet! Yes, there is—there are countless!

Second opposing argument: Planets have no water! Yes, ice, snow, water, hydrogen—it is everywhere!

Third opposing argument: It is too cold for organic life! As long as there is volcanic activity on a celestial body, there is enough heat to sustain life!

Fourth opposing argument: The atmosphere is not like Earth's and is therefore poisonous for life forms known to us.  Nobody wants to talk about our past.

Life did not begin with oxygen as the predominant part of the atmosphere in the early times of our planet.

Existing life did not breathe the mixture of oxygen and nitrogen from the beginning. No—carbon dioxide was one of the gases they breathed until they suffocated from it themselves, in the same way that we die of suffocation today.

The methane produced when organic food rots is equally toxic.

But once it was valuable and provided life for many species.  When the Earth began to cool after its formation, life was born.

In the beginning, before the human race began, there were no trees with green leaves that absorbed carbon dioxide and released oxygen into the environment by filtering and assimilating it.

From then on, photosynthesis—which converts specific frequencies of the light spectrum into energy—directly served plants for growth.

In the early days, it was a cautious beginning, taken over by algae and plankton.  No, life back then had to cope with gas mixtures in the atmosphere that would be deadly for us today.

But over time, so much oxygen accumulated that all living things in that atmosphere drowned.

At some point in the past, there was a breakdown.

A minority of elements won out and still occupy the place of the powerful. Dominant species became extinct. New life forms that could exist with oxygen began their triumphal march.  As the forests burn down, the composition of the atmosphere could change at any time. In fact, this change is already happening. The air is different from before, and therefore it is getting hotter. All components can be changed, and we could be eradicated from this Earth again.  We must know that evolution has no goal or idol to copy. No—life itself is the goal.  The slow confirmation that water exists makes me suspicious that there is more to report.

When and how—and whoever passes on the final information that we are not the only life form in this universe—has not yet been decided.

The time will come. Most likely on a small scale. An intimate microbe or biological cell will be the first find. Then the elephants will appear, and everything in between.  I ask you to read two books to learn authoritatively about these subjects:

Frank Schätzing: The Swarm (or News from an Unknown Universe).

Hoimar von Ditfurth: In the Beginning Was Hydrogen.  I do not have the scientific authority to teach biology, geology, astronomy, or evolution. Nor should I talk about religion. I am not a missionary or pastor of any religion, although I am a man of great faith.

I cannot talk about interstellar politics; I am not a diplomat.

There is little left to say with authority. I am an agronomist.

About biological life—how to live and maintain a healthy life, about plants and the soil that different plants need—that's what I can talk about much more.  But there is so much to discuss, and if none of the scientists do it—because they do and because they don't—we will express an opinion.

We will give our opinion with a clear mind and without scientific doubt. We will speak and think without bias. We will talk with courage and with faith. Life cannot be locked in a cage, I once said.

Life is like gravity. Where there is an atom, there is gravity—and there is life.

It would be better to say that where there is no atom, there is life.  To speak of these dimensions and their interactions, I do not feel sufficiently authorized to do so.

It does not refer to the authority of a command post.

To speak and teach with authority requires academic skills or experience in a professional field.  I apologize for any misconceptions I may have. Everything should be done with the courage to give impulses to new thoughts without losing faith.

Josef Bauer

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